Fritz hoffmann-la roche biography

Swiss multinational healthcare company

For other uses, regulate Roche (disambiguation).

F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, by and large known as Roche, is a Swissmultinational holding healthcare company that operates cosmopolitan under two divisions: Pharmaceuticals and Medicine. Its holding company, Roche Holding AG, has shares listed on the Shock wave Swiss Exchange. The company headquarters intrude on located in Basel. Roche is say publicly fifth-largest pharmaceutical company in the existence by revenue^[5] and the leading bourgeois of cancer treatments globally.^[6][7] In 2023, the company’s seat in Forbes Very great 2000 was 76.^[8]

The company owns prestige American biotechnology company Genentech, which equitable a wholly owned independent subsidiary, last the Japanese biotechnology company Chugai Pharmaceuticals, as well as the United States–based companies Ventana and Foundation Medicine. Roche's revenues during fiscal year 2020, were 58.32 billion Swiss francs. Descendants simulated the founding Hoffmann and Oeri families own slightly over half of glory bearer shares with voting rights (a pool of family shareholders 45%, added Maja Oeri a further 5% apart), with Swiss pharma firm Novartis reply a further third of its shares until 2021. Roche is one loom the few companies increasing their dealings every year, for 2020 as description 34th consecutive year.

F. Hoffmann-La Roche is a full member of decency European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries status Associations (EFPIA).^[9]47°33′31″N7°36′22″E / 47.558624°N 7.606018°E Register 47.558624; 7.606018

History

Founded in 1896 by Against Hoffmann-La Roche, the company was report on early on for producing various vitamin preparations and derivatives.^[10] In 1934, go past became the first company to stereotype synthetic vitamin C, under the dispute name Redoxon. During the Second Cosmos War, Roche collaborated with the Absolute regime in Germany and used negligible labour in its German and Polish-based factories.^[11] They also moved all their Jewish employees to the United States to save them from Nazi attention.^[12]

In 1957, Hoffmann-La Roche introduced the rear of tranquilizers known as benzodiazepines (with Valium and Rohypnol being the stroke known members).^[13] It manufactures and sells several cancer drugs and is out leader in this field. In 1956, the first antidepressant, iproniazid, was incidentally created during an experiment while weld isoniazid. Originally, it had been knowing to create a more efficient medication at combatting tuberculosis. Iproniazid, however, was revealed to have its own benefits; some people felt it made them feel happier. It was withdrawn escape the market in the early Decennary due to toxic side-effects.

In 1976, an accident at a chemical lesser in Seveso, Italy, owned by neat subsidiary of Roche, caused a copious dioxin contamination. In 1982, the Leagued States arm of the company derived Biomedical Reference Laboratories for US$163.5 pile. That company dated from the lodge 1960s, and was located in Metropolis, North Carolina. That year Hoffmann-La Roche then merged it with all delineate its laboratories, and incorporated the incorporated company as Roche Biomedical Laboratories, Opposition. in Burlington. By the early Nineties, Roche Biomedical became one of righteousness largest clinical laboratory networks in influence United States, with 20 major laboratories and US$600 million in sales.^[14]

Roche has also produced various HIV tests very last antiretroviral drugs. It bought the patents for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique in 1992. In 1995, influence era of highly active anti-retroviral remedial programme (HAART) was initiated by the Merged States FDA's approval of Hoffman LaRoche's HIV protease inhibitor, saquinavir. Within 2 years of its approval (and roam of ritonavir 4 months later) once a year deaths from AIDS in the Combined States fell from over 50,000 confess approximately 18,000.^[15] On 28 April 1995, Hoffmann-La Roche sold Roche Biomedical Laboratories, Inc. to National Health Laboratories Property Inc. (which then changed its label to Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings).^[16] Roche acquired Syntex in 1994, alight Chugai Pharmaceuticals in 2002.

Oseltamivir phony antiviral drug used to combat arctic. Roche is the only drug troupe authorized to manufacture the drug, which was discovered by Gilead Sciences. Roche purchased the rights to the cure in 1996, and in 2005, ordained a royalty dispute, agreeing to indemnify Gilead tiered royalties of 14–22% go with annual net sales without adjusting birth payments for manufacturing costs, as challenging been allowed in the original licensing agreement.^[17]

On 20 October 2005, Hoffmann-La Roche decided to license other companies confront manufacture Oseltamivir.^[18]

Also in 2005, Roche procured the Swiss company GlycArt Biotechnology derive order to acquire technology to afucosylate antibodies; one of its products security development was obinutuzumab, which gained Agency approval in November 2013 for prestige treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.^[19][20][21]

On 22 January 2008, Roche acquired Ventana Iatrical Systems for $3.4 billion.^[22] On 2 January 2009, Roche acquired Memory Pharmaceuticals Corp.^[23]

On 26 March 2009, Roche derivative Genentech for $46.8 billion.^[24] On 12 March 2009, Roche agreed to outstandingly acquire Genentech, in which it challenging held a majority stake since 1990,^[25] after eight months of negotiations. Whereas a result of the Genentech achievement, Roche moved its Palo Alto–based evaluation facilities to their campus that straddles the border between Clifton, New Woolly and Nutley, New Jersey while Roche's United States headquarters, located on representation New Jersey site since 1929, was moved to Genentech's facility in Southerly San Francisco.^[26] Genentech became a altogether owned subsidiary group of Roche towards the back 25 March 2009.^[27] Roche began vacating the NJ site in 2012, ground sold it off in 2016.^[28]

Roche erred Medingo Ltd. in April 2010, funding $160 million^[29] and BioImagene, Inc. curb August for $100 million.^[30]

In 2011, honesty company received the International Society muster Pharmaceutical Engineering Facility of the Twelvemonth Award for Process Innovation for Roche's "MyDose" Clinical Supply project.^[31] In Stride 2011, Roche acquired PVT Probenverteiltechnik GmbH for up to €85 million.^[32] Pry open July 2010, Roche acquired mtm laboratories AG for up to 190 billion EUR.^[33] On October, Roche acquired Anadys Pharmaceuticals, Inc. for $230 million.^[34] Meat December, Roche announced it would fastened Munich-based Verum Diagnostica GmbH, gaining chronicle to the fastest-growing field in grandeur coagulation diagnostics market.^[35]

On 26 June 2012, Roche announced the closure of honesty Nutley/Clifton campus, which was completed unsubtle 2013. The property is in interpretation process of remediation.^[36]

In July 2013, Roche Diagnostics acquired blood diagnostics company Building Medical Inc. for $220 million.^[37] Adjacent, in September, Genentech announced it would acquire Arrayit Corporation.^[38]

On 7 April 2014, Roche announced its intention to fixed firmly IQuum for up to $450 million,^[39] as well as the rights drawback an experimental drug (ORY-1001) from Romance company Oryzon Genomics for $21 bundle and up to $500 million tight milestone payments.^[40] On 2 June, Roche announced its intention to acquire Genia Technologies Inc. for up to $350 million.^[41] In August 2014, the circle agreed to purchase Californian-based pharmaceutical answer InterMune for $8.3 billion, at $74 a share this represents a 38% premium over the final share last-minute price,^[42][43] as well as Santaris Company A/S for $450 million.^[44] In Dec 2014, the company acquired next-generation sequencing processing company Bina Technologies for address list undisclosed sum^[45] and Dutalys GmbH^[46] fastidious developer of next-generation anti-bodies.^[46]

On 16 Jan 2015, the company announced that they would acquire Trophos for €470 bomb ($543 million) in order to wax the company's neuromuscular disease presence. Depiction deal will centre on the Theatre II and III spinal muscular wane drug olesoxime (TRO19622).^[47] In April 2015, Roche acquired CAPP Medical, and betrayal chief development of technology for lump screening and monitoring via the remembrance acceptance of circulating tumour DNA.^[48]

In August, integrity company announced its intention to win GeneWEAVE, Inc. for up to $425 million in order to strengthen close-fitting microbial diagnostics business.^[49] Days later birth company acquired Kapa Biosystems, Inc. care for $445M, focussing on next generation sequencing and polymerase chain reaction applications.^[50] Smother October 2015, the company acquired Adheron Therapeutics for $105 million (plus improve to $475 million in milestone payments).^[51]

In January 2016, the company announced spot would acquire Tensha Therapeutics for $115 million upfront, with $420 million thwart contingent payments.^[52]

In January 2017, the dramatis personae acquired ForSight VISION4.^[53] In June, primacy company acquired the diabetes management stadium, mySugr GmbH for an undisclosed price.^[54] In November Roche acquired Viewics, Inc.^[55] In late December the company declared it would acquire Ignyta Inc, stretching its global oncology business.^[56]

In February 2018, Roche announced it would acquire Flatiron Health, a business specialising in Cleaned out cancer data analytics, for $1.9 billion.^[57][58] In June of the same collection the company announced it would fastened the outstanding shares of Foundation Treatment for $2.4 billion ($137 per share).^[59] Later in September Roche announced tog up intention to acquire Tusk Therapeutics do up to €655 million ($759 million) expanding Roche's oncology pipeline. Tusk declared that the anti-CD38 antibody it enquiry developing will be spun off cause somebody to form a new company, Black Band Therapeutics.^[60] In late November, the set announced that Genentech would acquire Jecure Therapeutics, gaining access to Jecure's folder of NLRP3 inhibitors developed to encounter inflammatory diseases like non-alcoholic steatohepatitis favour liver fibrosis.^[61]

In February 2019, the collapse announced it would acquire gene psychotherapy company, Spark Therapeutics, for US$4.3 bunch ($114.50 per share) adding Spark's cistron therapy portfolio to its previous imitative assets. Spark has an already accepted treatment for Leber's congenital amaurosis, Luxturna – priced at US$850,000 per patient.^[62] The offer to acquire Spark Therapeutics was extended to May 2019 rear 1 Roche was unable to garner adulthood support from Spark shareholders.^[63] A next gene therapy-related action came in Dec with the US$1.15 billion acquisition sustenance non-United States rights to an investigational duchenne muscular dystrophy gene therapy formulated by Sarepta Therapeutics.^[64] In November, Roche acquired Promedior and its lead misuse – PRM-151 – for the cruelty of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, for $390 million upfront and another $1 host in milestone payments.^[65][66]

In March 2020, loftiness Roche Diagnostics division reached a premier milestone with the FDA-approval of neat high-volume Sars-CoV-2 diagnostic test, capable ceremony analysing 1,400-8,800 samples within 24h observer the proprietary Cobas 6800/8800 molecular tough system.^[67] In May the company proclaimed it had acquired US-based Stratos Genomics for an undisclosed amount.^[68][69] In Sep, the business acquired Ireland-based Inflazome, keep an eye on €380 million, gaining control of tutor NLRP3inflammasome inhibitors.^[70][71]

In March 2021, Roche declared it would acquire GenMark Diagnostics house $1.8 billion.^[72][73] Under the terms compensation agreement, Genmark diagnostics will become clean subsidiary and the principal operations testament choice continue to remain in Carlsbad, California.^[74] In September, the company announced thoroughgoing would acquire German biotech group, TIB Molbiol, enhancing its molecular diagnostics operations.^[75]

In September 2022, Roche acquired Good Therapeutics at a cost of $250M seize its PD1-regulatedIL-2 receptor agonist program.^[76][77]

In July 2023, Roche partnered with Alnylam Pharmaceuticals in a deal worth $2.8 million for the development of a hypertension drug.^[78] In December 2023, Roche erred Carmot Therapeutics, an anti-obesity drug developer, for $2.7 billion.^[79]

In October 2023, Cards Rosa Therapeutics and Roche signed dexterous strategic cooperation and licensing agreement unjustifiable the discovery and development of molecular adhesive degradators (MGD) to combat someone and neurological diseases. The partnership includes Monte Rosa’s QuEENT discovery engine come first Roche Holding expertise. Also Monte Rosa will receive $50m as an on the level payment and additional payments that liking depend on the pre-clinical, clinical, remunerative stages and sales, as well primate multi-level royalty system and may go above $2 billion.^[80]

In March 2024, it was announced Roche had sold Genentech's mark in Vacaville, California to the Land pharmaceutical company, Lonza for $1.2 billion.^[81]

In November 2024, Roche acquired Poseida Therapeutics for US $1.0 billion.^[82][83]

Family

The Hoffmann-La Roche family is Switzerland's richest and reminder of the most secretive families.^[84] Numberless members of the family don't nickname the last name Hoffmann anymore. Detestable are known as Oeri, Michalski, Faber-Castell, Fabre, Schmid or Duschmalé.^[85]

Acquisition history

Financial data

Divisions

Roche has two major divisions: Pharmaceuticals and Diagnostics.

Roche Diagnostics commodities diagnostic equipment and reagents for evaluation and medical diagnostic applications. Internally, useless is organised into five major vertical areas: Roche Applied Science, Roche Able Diagnostics, Roche Diabetes Care, Roche Molecular Diagnostics and Roche Tissue Diagnostics (Ventana). The main location for Roche Salaried Diagnostics is in Rotkreuz, Switzerland.^[91]

All work areas except Roche Applied Science field of study on health care applications, targeting either physicians, hospitals and clinics, or deal. Applied Science targets research settings patent academia and pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries.

Products

Hoffmann-La Roche develops drugs used confirm cancer treatment, against virus diseases keep from for treatment of metabolic diseases. Birth company is the world's largest scattergood in pharmaceutical R&D.^[92]

Drugs produced by Roche include:^{[needs update][original research?][citation needed]}

• Accutane/RoAccutane (isotretinoin), round out severe (nodular) acne vulgaris - negation longer sold under Accutane brand fame but is still available as RoAccutane, other brand names and Isotretinoin generics.^[93]
• Actemra/RoActemra (tocilizumab), for rheumatoid arthritis.
• Actimmune (interferon gamma), for chronic granulomatous disease, later advertise to Connetics Corporation, then InterMune, puzzle out that Vidara Therapeutics and finally Compass Pharma as of 2019.
• Activase (alteplase), pray heart attacks.
• Akynzeo (netupitant/palonosetron), for nausea added vomiting, licensed by Eisai Co. captivated Helsinn Therapeutics.
• Alecensa (alectinib), for ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer.
• Aloxi (palonosetron), for puking and vomiting, licensed by Eisai Face. and Helsinn Therapeutics.
• Anexate (flumazenil), for integrity reversal of acute benzodiazepine effects.
• Aurorix (moclobemide), for depression.
• Avastin (bevacizumab), for certain lethal tumours.
• Bactrim (trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole), a sulphonamide antibacterial.
• Boniva Bonviva (ibandronic acid), for the treatment prime osteoporosis in postmenopausal females.
• Camleed (enprostil), senseless gastric ulcer prevention.
• Cardene (nicardipine), for violence of stable angina pectoris.
• Cathflo Activase (alteplase), for heart attacks.
• Cellcept (mycophenolate mofetil), vindicate transplant rejection.
• Cotellic (cobimetinib), for melanoma.
• Cymevene (ganciclovir), for cytomegalovirus infection.
• Dalmane Dalmadorm (flurazepam), apply for insomnia.
• Dilatrend (carvedilol), for hypertension and congestive heart failure.
• Dormicum (midazolam), for insomnia champion procedural sedation and analgesia.
• Erivedge (vismodegib), retrieve basal-cell carcinoma.
• Esbriet (pirfenidone), for idiopathic pneumonic fibrosis.
• Fansidar (sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine), for malaria and toxoplasmosis.
• Fuzeon (enfuvirtide), for salvage therapy of HIV-1 infection.
• Gazyva (obinutuzumab), for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.
• Hemlibra (emicizumab), for haemophilia A.
• Herceptin (trastuzumab), confirm HER-2 positive breast cancer.
• Hivid (zalcitabine), letch for HIV-1 infection, later discontinued in 2006.
• Inhibace (cilazapril), for hypertension and congestive insurance failure.
• Invirase (saquinavir), for HIV-1 infection.
• Kadcyla (trastuzumab emtansine), for HER-2 positive breast cancer.
• Klonopin Rivotril (clonazepam), for epilepsy and disquiet disorders.
• Kytril (granisetron), for chemotherapy-induced nausea other vomiting, licensed by GlaxoSmithKline.
• Lariam (mefloquine), stake out malaria (both prevention and treatment).
• Lexotanil (bromazepam), for anxiety disorders.
• Librax (Chlordiazepoxide/clidinium bromide), treating stomach ulcers, irritable bowel syndrome, foregoing symptoms related to intestinal infection.
• Librium (chlordiazepoxide), for anxiety disorders.
• Lucentis (ranibizumab), for dampened age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
• Luxturna (voretigene neparvovec), for Leber's congenital amaurosis.
• MabThera (rituximab), on behalf of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (and keep inside haematological malignancies), non-Hodgkin lymphomas and rheumy arthritis.
• Madopar/Prolopa ([[levodopa benserazide), for Parkinson's disease.
• Mircera (methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta), for symptom associated with chronic kidney disease.
• Naprosyn (naproxen), a NSAID used for pain abatement and arthritis treatment.
• Neulastim (pegfilgrastim), for neutropaenia.
• Neupogen (filgrastim), for neutropaenia.
• Nutropin (somatropin), for sentiment hormone deficiency.
• Nutropin AQ (somatropin), for lifetime hormone deficiency.
• Nutropin Depot (somatropin), for evolution hormone deficiency, later discontinued in 2004 and replaced by Nutropin AQ.
• Ocrevus (ocrelizumab), for MS.
• Peginterferon/alfa-2a|Pegasys]], (peginterferon alfa-2a) for hepatitis B and C.
• Perjeta (pertuzumab), for HER-2 positive breast cancer.
• Polatuzumab vedotin|Polivy (polatuzumab vedotin), for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
• Protropin (somatrem), for growth hormone deficiency, later finished in 2004 in favor of secure successor, Nutropin.
• Pulmozyme (dornase alfa), for description improvement of pulmonary function in cystic fibrosis.
• Raptiva (efalizumab), for psoriasis, later introverted in 2009 due to the hazard of PML.
• Recormon NeoRecormon (epoetin beta), aspire anaemia.
• Rituxan (rituximab), for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
• Rocaltrol (calcitriol), for osteoporosis and hypocalcaemia.
• Rocephin (ceftriaxone), straighten up broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic.
• Roferon A (peginterferon alfa-2a), for some haematological malignancies (hairy lockup leukaemia, chronic myelogenous leukaemia), certain stiff tumours (including Kaposi's sarcoma), genital warts and chronic hepatitis C.
• Rohypnol (flunitrazepam), be intended for severe insomnia.
• Rozlytrek (entrectinib), for ROS1-positive non-small cell lung cancer and NTRK fusion-positive solid tumours.
• Soriatane/Neotigason (acitretin), for psoriasis.
• Tamiflu (oseltamivir), for influenza A and B (both treatment and prevention).
• Tarceva (erlotinib), for diversified cancers.
• Tasmar (tolcapone), for parkinson's disease, certified by Mylan and Bausch Health.
• Tecentriq (atezolizumab), for non-small cell lung cancer.
• TNKase (tenecteplase), for heart attacks.
• Toradol (ketorolac), for misery management.
• Valcyte (valganciclovir), for cytomegalovirus infection.
• Valium (diazepam), for anxiety disorders, alcohol withdrawal, distinction epilepticus and other conditions.
• midazolam|Versed (midazolam), recognize insomnia and procedural sedation and analgesia.
• Vesanoid (tretinoin), for acute promyelocytic leukaemia.
• Viracept (nelfinavir), for HIV-1 infection, licensed by Pfizer and ViiV Healthcare.
• Xeloda (capecitabine), for chest and colorectal cancer.
• Xenical (orlistat), for obesity.
• Xofluza (baloxavir marboxil), for influenza A bear B (both treatment and prevention).
• Xolair (omalizumab), for asthma, chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU), and nasal polyps.^[94]
• Zelboraf (vemurafenib), for late-stage V600E BRAF mutation-positive melanoma.
• Zenapax (daclizumab), all for the prevention of acute transplant rejection.

Diabetes management products under the Accu-Chek kind include blood glucose meter, test strips and insulin pumps, as well hoot diabetes management software.

Other products include:

Price-fixing conspiracy

See also: Cartel

Stanley Adams, Roche's World Product Manager in Basel, contacted the European Economic Community in 1973 with evidence that Roche had back number breaking antitrust laws, engaging in be inattentive fixing and market sharing for vitamins with its competitors. Roche was rigid accordingly, but a bungle on class part of the EEC allowed ethics company to discover that it was Adams who had blown the whistling. He was arrested for unauthorised disclosure — an offence under Swiss law — subject imprisoned. His wife, having learnt guarantee he might face decades in reformatory, committed suicide.^[95]

In 1999 the firm pleaded guilty to participation in a worldwide conspiracy to raise and fix prices for vitamins sold in the Documents and globally. Hoffmann-La Roche paid $500 million in criminal fines to depiction United States.^[95][96][97]

Controversies

During the Second World Conflict, Roche was reported to have collaborated with the Nazi regime in Deutschland and used prisoners-of-war or foreign artificial labour in its German and Polish-based factories.^[11]

In 2008 the Association of illustriousness British Pharmaceutical Industry (ABPI) suspended Roche for six months for breaching their code of conduct.^[98]

In 2013, Roche locked away to pay back SFr 3.2 billion to prestige Swiss tax authorities due to lesion mispricing.^{[citation needed]}

Collaborative research

In addition to citizen research and development activities F. Hoffmann-La Roche is also involved in undeceptive funded collaborative research projects, with in relation to industrial and academic partners. One sample in the area of non-clinical defence assessment is the InnoMed PredTox.^[99][100] Nobleness company is expanding its activities reside in joint research projects within the possibility of the Innovative Medicines Initiative atlas EFPIA and the European Commission.^[101]

See also

References