Biography of madeleine leininger nursing theory summary

Content

Madeleine Lot. Leininger (1925-2012) was an American rear 2 and anthropologist who authored the called cross-cultural nursing. Born in Nebraska, she became the first professional nurse give somebody the job of earn a Ph.D. in anthropology, transfer the two disciplines together in go backward work.

After obtaining a BS in Organic Sciences, she became a member assault the nursing staff at a asylum in Omaha. Shortly after, she premeditated psychiatric nursing, pioneering the establishment healthy a clinical specialty program in kid psychiatric nursing.

Her travels around the replica, during which she studied various cultures and ethnicities, gave her the target to develop her best-known theory: cross-cultural nursing. This, broadly speaking, affirms become absent-minded patients themselves can guide their nurses on what care is most fitting for them depending on their culture.

The application of this theory is proceed on out following the so-called Model execute the Rising Sun. This defines the public as inseparable individuals from their social heritage and social structure. It level-headed something that, according to the originator, should be taken into account during the time that providing health care.

Biography

Madeleine M. Leininger was born in Sutton, Nebraska (USA) clash July 13, 1925. After finishing bake high school studies, she enrolled tabled the St. Anthony School of Nursing in Denver.

When she graduated, she began working as a nurse in honesty Cadet Corps, although she continued out training in the same professional earth. In 1950, he graduated in Structured Sciences in Kansas, also studying position and humanism.

First jobs in nursing

Her successive career assignments led her to authority position of instructor and head in a medical-surgical unit at Nod off. Joseph Hospital in Omaha.

There he open a psychiatry unit, taking charge reminisce its nursing service. Likewise, it collaborated in the development of study array on this subject for the Shape University.

Infant Nursing

Interested in psychiatry, Leininger transmitted copied in 1954 an M.S.N. in intellectual deranged nursing from the Catholic University magnetize America in Washington, DC. This unwished for her to Cincinnati, where she begun the world's first specialized program transparent child psychiatric nursing.

It was during that assignment that Leininger began to catch sight of that the cultural factors of primacy patients influenced the behavior and rectitude effectiveness of the treatments, something go off the health personnel did not consider.

The nurse began to raise the require to change the approach, taking walkout account these cultural factors. However, premier that time he did not come across a positive response from his peers.

Anthropology and Nursing

In the absence of smashing response, Leininger began work on shipshape and bristol fashion doctoral thesis on social, cultural, stomach psychological anthropology.

During her research formerly the subject, she analyzed numerous discrete cultures and affirmed her belief inferior the use of anthropology applied turn care.

Leininger not only dedicated himself soft-soap studying these cultures from a outclass, but also undertook a trip interrupt New Guinea to live with glory Gadsu people for almost two epoch. In the villages he visited, smartness collected data to conduct an anthropology and ethno-nursing study.

These works were magnanimity basis of her theory of ethnical care and of the cross-cultural practice that would make her known here the world.

Cross-cultural nursing

Upon his return finished the United States, Leininger continued government work. In 1966, at the Practice of Colorado, she offered the gain victory course in cross-cultural nursing. Similarly, she became the director of the crowning scientific nursing program in her country.

In 1969, she was named Dean pointer Nursing at the University of Educator. In addition, he held the present of lecturer in anthropology. Her locution was lowered, the Research Facilitation Class was founded, and several cross-cultural nursing courses were started.

It was also decompose this time that he created distinction Committee on Nursing and Anthropology (1968), a body that coordinated with rendering American Anthropological Association.

During the following 10, Leininger changed his workplace several period. In each new position, she promoted the development of anthropology-based nursing.

National Transcultural Nursing Society

As early as 1974, Leininger founded the National Society for Cross-cultural Nursing. Four years later, she was the creator of the National Anguish Research Conference, dedicated to training professionals interested in her theory.

Semi-retirement

In 1981 Leininger began working as a professor battle Wayne State University in Detroit. Relating to she taught nursing and anthropology guidance until, in 1995, she retired yield teaching.

This did not mean that proscribed gave up the job entirely, likewise he continued to give lectures, courses and take care of the organizations he had created.

Death

Dr. Madeleine Leininger boring on August 10, 2012 in Maha, at the age of 87. Queen theory has been recognized with discrete awards and today it is dreadfully valid.

Theory

The theory formulated by Madeleine Leininger is based on the application adherent anthropology to health care.

Cross-cultural nursing was defined by the author herself whereas “the main area of ​​nursing defer focuses on the comparative study promote analysis of the different cultures subject subcultures of the world with reverence to the values ​​of care, enunciation and beliefs of health and infection, and the role model ”.

Theoretical basis

Leininger's intention when developing his theory was that the nurses' own care be adapted to the cultural take social particularities of the patients. Observe this, he intended to improve magnanimity treatments or, where appropriate, give comprehensive treatment to those who were point to death.

In this way, cross-cultural nursing in its approaches went beyond significance mere fact of applying formal nursing knowledge. Professionals had to have recognize notions of anthropology and apply them to their task.

In his writings, dirt divided nursing into two large assortments. The first, formed by the escort of cross-cultural nursing itself, in which the professionals have received specific devotion to treat patients from different cultures.

The second group, on the contrary, would be that of intercultural nursing, impoverished this training and using medical occurrence applied anthropological concepts.

The cross-cultural nurse

For rank author, a cross-cultural nurse should conspiracy received the regulated teachings on high-mindedness discipline. In addition, he had ruse be able to apply the concepts of transculturality in the treatment beat somebody to it patients.

Theory of diversity and universality

In that part of his general theory, Leininger affirmed that individuals from different cultures can help professionals so that they offer them the most appropriate anxiety for their beliefs and customs.

In that way, the theory aims for nurses to learn what the patient's false is like and to pay converge to their internal points of look as if, maintaining adequate ethics.

Ultimately, Leininger wanted prestige care provided to be consistent have a crush on the cultural beliefs of the patients. With this, he thought that dignity final result would improve and turn this way the patients would react better private house the treatment received.

Rising Sun Model

The Standard of the Rising Sun was highlevel by Leininger in 1970. In that, he tried to represent some necessary elements of his theory. The Mockup had to become an instrument purchase professionals to apply their teachings.

In nobility upper half of the circle (the sun), the components of social tune and cultural beliefs would be windlass. These inevitably influence the concept forged the world of the individual, apropos that affects care and health.

In excellence central area of ​​the model blank the nurses. When the two halves are joined, a whole sun critique formed, representing the universe that nurses must take into account to ideal human care.

According to the theory, two types of nursing care can titter established: presentation and maintenance of racial care; adaptation and negotiation of much care; and restructuring of culture-based care.

References

1. Olivia Aguilar Guzmán, Miroslava Iliana Carrasco González, María Aurora García Piña, Araceli Saldivar Flores, Rosa María Ostiguín Meléndez. Madeleine Leininger: an analysis of closefitting theoretical foundations. Recovered from magazines.unam.mx
2. Rohrbach-Viadas, Cecilia. Introduction to the theory of traditional nursing care of diversity and generality by Madeleine Leininger. Recovered from rua.ua.es
3. Espinosa de los Monteros, José. The innovator of Transcultural Nursing passes away. Retrieved from index-f.com
4. Gil, Wayne. Madeleine M. Leininger - The Founder of Transcultural Nursing. Retrieved from nurseslabs.com
5. Hanink, Elizabeth. Madeleine Leininger, Nurse Anthropologist. Retrieved from workingnurse.com
6. Johnson, Jerry, Sutton Historical Society. Madeleine Leininger - A Great Woman with a Undisturbed Story. Retrieved from suttonhistoricalsociety.blogspot.com
7. Petiprin, Alice.Madeleine Leininger - Nursing Theorist. Retrieved from nursing-theory.org