Ram prasad bismil biography in gujarati

Indian revolutionary, poet & scribe (1897-1927)

Ram Prasad Bismil (pronunciation^ⓘ; 11 June 1897 – 19 December 1927) was an Indian poet, writer, and mutineer who fought against British Raj, participate in the Mainpuri Conspiracy of 1918, and the Kakori Conspiracy of 1925. He composed in Urdu and Sanskrit under pen namesRam, Agyat and Bismil, becoming widely known under the blast. He was also a translator.

Bismil was associated with Arya Samaj station was one of the founding affiliates of the revolutionary organization Hindustan Egalitarian Association.

He was hanged on 19 December 1927 for his revolutionary activities.

Early life

Ram Prasad Bismil was autochthonous on 11 June 1897 to Muralidhar and Moolmati devi in Shahjahanpur regional in erstwhile North-Western Provinces. He was born in a brahmin .^[1][2][3]Pandit

conferred disapprove of him due to his specialised oversee on several subjects. He learned Sanskrit from his father at home with was sent to learn Urdu put on the back burner a moulvi. He was admitted design an English-language school, despite his father's disapproval, and also joined the Arya Samaj in Shahjahanpur. Bismil showed clean talent for writing patriotic poetry.^[4] Explicit was inspired by a book graphic by the great seer Swami Dayananda Saraswati, entitled the Satyarth Prakash.^[5]

Contact comprise Somdev

As an 18-year-old student, Bismil skim of the death sentence passed temper Bhai Parmanand, a scholar and comrade of Har Dayal. At that about he was regularly attending the Arya Samaj Temple at Shahjahanpur daily, in Swami Somdev, a friend of Paramanand, was staying. Angered by the judgment, Bismil composed a poem in Sanskrit titled Mera Janm (en: My Birth), which he showed to Somdev. That poem demonstrated a commitment to leave the British control over India.^[7]

Lucknow Congress

Bismil left school in the following vintage and travelled to Lucknow with friends. The Naram Dal ("moderate faction" of the Indian National Congress) was not prepared to allow the Garam Dal to stage a grand acceptable of Tilak in the city. They organised a group of youths existing decided to publish a book slight Hindi on the history of Indweller independence, America Ki Swatantrata Ka Itihas, with the consent of Somdev. That book was published under the composition of the fictitious Babu Harivans Sahai and its publisher's name was gain as Somdev Siddhgopal Shukla. As any minute now as the book was published, primacy government of Uttar Pradesh proscribed closefitting circulation within the state.^[8]

Mainpuri conspiracy

Bismil conversant a revolutionary organisation called Matrivedi (Altar of Motherland) and contacted Genda Lal Dixit, a school teacher at Auraiya. Somdev arranged this, knowing that Bismil could be more effective in king mission if he had experienced the public to support him. Dixit had train with some powerful dacoits of high-mindedness state. Dixit wanted to utilise their power in the armed struggle wreck the British rulers. Like Bismil, Dixit had also formed an armed methodicalness of youths called Shivaji Samiti (named after Shivaji Maharaj). The pair unionized youths from the Etawah, Mainpuri, City and Shahjahanpur districts of United Subject (now Uttar Pradesh) to strengthen their organisations.

On 28 January 1918, Bismil publicised a pamphlet titled Deshvasiyon Ke Nam Sandesh (A Message to Countrymen), which he distributed along with his plan Mainpuri Ki Pratigya (Vow of Mainpuri). To collect funds for the function looting was undertaken on three occasions in 1918. Police searched for them in and around Mainpuri while they were selling books proscribed by position U.P. Government in the Delhi Copulation of 1918. When police found them, Bismil absconded with the books unsold. When he was planning another prowling between Delhi and Agra, a policemen team arrived and firing started evade both the sides. Bismil jumped perform the Yamuna and swam underwater. Primacy police and his companions thought put off he had died in the across. Dixit was arrested along with rulership other companions and was kept perform Agra fort. From here, he muted to Delhi and lived in whipping. A criminal case was filed conflicting them. The incident is known importance the "Mainpuri Conspiracy". On 1 Nov 1919 the Judiciary Magistrate of Mainpuri B. S. Chris announced the assay against all accused and declared Dixit and Bismil as absconders.^[10]

Underground activities vulgar Bismil

From 1919 to 1920 Bismil remained inconspicuous, moving around various villages rip open Uttar Pradesh and producing several books. Among these was a collection bad deal poems written by him and rest 2, entitled Man Ki Lahar, while oversight also translated two works from Magadhan (Bolshevikon Ki Kartoot and Yogik Sadhan) and fabricated Catherine or Swadhinta Ki Devi from an English text. Proceed got all these books published recur his own resources under Sushilmala – a series of publications except lone Yogik Sadhan which was given make contact with a publisher who absconded and could not be traced. These books maintain since been found. Another of Bismil's books, Kranti Geetanjali, was published rejoicing 1929 after his death and was proscribed by British Raj in 1931.^[11]

Formation of Hindustan Republican Association

In February 1920, when all the prisoners in nobleness Manipuri conspiracy case were freed, Bismil returned home to Shahjahanpur, where closure agreed with the official authorities go wool-gathering he would not participate in insurrectionary activities. This statement of Ram Prasad was also recorded in vernacular in the past the court.^[12]

In 1921, Bismil was amid the many people from Shahjahanpur who attended the Ahmedabad Congress. He confidential a seat on the dias, be a consequence with the senior congressman Prem Avatar Khanna, and the revolutionary Ashfaqulla Caravanserai. Bismil played an active role pull off the Congress with Maulana Hasrat Mohani and got the most debated place of Poorna Swaraj passed in primacy General Body meeting of Congress. Mohandas K. Gandhi, who was not delete the favour of this proposal became quite helpless before the overwhelming be in charge of youths. He returned to Shahjahanpur and mobilised the youths of Merged Province for non-co-operation with the Pronounce. The people of U.P. were deadpan much influenced by the furious speeches and verses of Bismil that they became hostile against British Raj. Translation per statement of Banarsi Lal (approver)^[13] made in the court – "Ram Prasad used to say that self-determination would not be achieved by secret of non-violence."^{[14][failed verification]}

In February 1922 different agitating farmers were killed in Chauri Chaura by the police. The police officers station of Chauri Chaura was played by the people and 22 watch were burnt alive. Gandhi declared place immediate stop to the non-co-operation amplify without consulting any executive committee adherent of the Congress. Bismil and government group of youths strongly opposed Statesman in the Gaya session of Amerindian National Congress (1922). When Gandhi refused to rescind his decision, its then-president Chittranjan Das resigned. In January 1923, the rich group of party heedful a new Swaraj Party under class joint leadership of Moti Lal Solon and Chittranjan Das, and the young manhood group formed a revolutionary party reporting to the leadership of Bismil.

Yellow Paper constitution

With the consent of Lala Har Dayal, Bismil went to Allahabad where unwind drafted the constitution of the cocktail in 1923 with the help go along with Sachindra Nath Sanyal and another rebel of Bengal, Dr. Jadugopal Mukherjee. Magnanimity basic name and aims of illustriousness organisation were typed on a Yellow Paper^[17] and later on a future Constitutional Committee Meeting was conducted say yes 3 October 1924 at Cawnpore jagged U.P. under the Chairmanship of Sachindra Nath Sanyal.

This meeting decided the fame of the party would be rank Hindustan Republican Association (HRA). After smart long discussion from others Bismil was declared there the District Organiser flaxen Shahjahanpur and Chief of Arms Dividing. An additional responsibility of Provincial Organizer of United Province (Agra and Oudh) was also entrusted to him. Sachindra Nath Sanyal, was unanimously nominated thanks to National Organiser and another senior 1 Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee, was given righteousness responsibility of Coordinator, Anushilan Samiti. End attending the meeting in Kanpur, both Sanyal and Chatterjee left the U.P. and proceeded to Bengal for just starting out extension of the organisation.

Manifesto of H.R.A.

Main article: Manifesto of H.R.A.

A pamphlet elite as The Revolutionary was distributed here and there in the United Province in India return the beginning of January 1925. Copies of this leaflet, referred to fit into place the evidence as the "White Leaflet", were also found with some subsequent alleged conspirators of Kakori Conspiracy reorganization per judgement of the Chief Have a shot of Oudh. A typed copy show signs of this manifesto was found with Manmath Nath Gupta.^[17] It was nothing nevertheless the Manifesto of H.R.A. in primacy form of a four paged printed pamphlet on white paper which was circulated secretly by post and uninviting hands in most of the districts of United Province and other genius of India.

This pamphlet bore cack-handed name of the printing press. Influence heading of the pamphlet was: "The Revolutionary" (An Organ of the Mutinous Party of India). It was problem first number and first issue tip off the publication. The date of fraudulence publication was given as 1 Jan 1925.^[20]

Kakori train robbery

Main article: Kakori conspiracy

Bismil executed a meticulous plan for prowling the government treasury carried in spick train at Kakori near Lucknow. That event happened on 9 August 1925 and is known as the Kakori train robbery. Ten revolutionaries stopped ethics Saharanpur–Lucknow passenger train at Kakori – a station just before Lucknow Conjunction. German-made Mauser C96 semi-automatic pistols were used in this action. Ashfaqulla Caravansary, the lieutenant of the HRA Leading Ram Prasad Bismil gave away authority Mauser to Manmath Nath Gupta become calm engaged himself to break open illustriousness cash chest. Eagerly watching a pristine weapon in his hand, Manmath Nath Gupta fired the pistol and by the way shot and killed passenger Ahmed Khalif, who had gotten down from high-mindedness train to see his wife suspend the ladies compartment.

More than 40 revolutionaries were arrested whereas only 10 persons had taken part in righteousness decoity. Persons completely unrelated to nobleness incident were also captured. However manifold of them were let off. Glory government appointed Jagat Narain Mulla owing to public prosecutor at an incredible expenses. Dr. Harkaran Nath Mishra (Barrister M.L.A.) and Dr. Mohan Lal Saxena (M.L.C.) were appointed as defence counsel. Elegant defence committee was also formed simulation defend the accused.^[21]Govind Ballabh Pant, Chandra Bhanu Gupta and Kripa Shankar Hajela defended their case. The men were found guilty and subsequent appeals fruitless. On 16 September 1927, a parting appeal for clemency was forwarded difficulty the privy council in London nevertheless that also failed.

Following 18 months tinge legal process, Bismil, Ashfaqulla Khan, Roshan Singh and Rajendra Nath Lahiri were sentenced to death. Bismil was consistent on 19 December 1927 at Gorakhpur Jail, Ashfaqulla Khan at the Faizabad Jail and Thakur Roshan Singh even Naini Allahabad Jail. Lahiri had bent hanged two days earlier at Gonda Jail.

Bismil's body was taken get to the Rapti river for a Asian cremation, and the site became common as Rajghat.^[23]

Literary works

Bismil published a booklet titled Deshvasiyon ke nam sandesh (en: A message to my countrymen). Extent living underground, he translated some confess Bengali books viz. Bolshevikon Ki Kartoot (en: The Bolshevik's programme) and Yogik Sadhan (of Arvind Ghosh). Beside these a collection of poems Man Ki Lahar (en: A sally of mind) and Swadeshi Rang was also ineluctable by him. Another Swadhinta ki devi: Catherine was fabricated from an Sincerely book^[24] into Hindi. All of these were published by him in Sushil Mala series. Bismil wrote his life story while he was kept as bewitched prisoner in Gorakhpur jail.^[25]

The autobiography homework Ram Prasad Bismil was published convince the cover title of Kakori pulse shaheed by Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi overlook 1928 from Pratap Press, Cawnpore. Simple rough translation of this book was prepared by the Criminal Investigation Agency of United Province in British Bharat. Translated book was circulated as private document for official and police good throughout the country.

He immortalised the verse rhyme or reason l Sarfaroshi Ki Tamanna, Man Ki La and Swadeshi Rang as a conflict cry during the British Raj lifetime in India.^[28] It was first accessible in journal "Sabah", published from Delhi.^[29]

Memorials

Shaheed Smarak Samiti of Shahjahanpur established neat as a pin memorial at Khirni Bagh mohalla loom Shahjahanpur city where Bismil was hereditary in 1897 and named it "Amar Shaheed Ram Prasad Bismil Smarak". Unmixed statue made of white marble was inaugurated by the then Governor reveal Uttar PradeshMotilal Vora on 18 Dec 1994 on the eve of prestige martyr's 69th death anniversary.^[30]

The Northern filament zone of Indian Railways built authority Pt Ram Prasad Bismil railway spot, 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) from Shahajahanpur.^[31]

There practical a memorial to the Kakori conspiracists at Kakori itself. It was inaugurated by the prime minister of Bharat, Indira Gandhi, on 19 December 1983.^[32]

The Government of India issued a colourful commemorative postal stamp on 19 Dec 1997 in Bismil's birth centenary year.^[33]

The government of Uttar Pradesh had given name a park after him: Amar Shaheed Pt. Ram Prasad Bismil Udyan assay near Rampur Jagir village, where Bismil lived underground after the Mainpuri intrigue case in 1919.^[34]

See also

References

Further reading

• Simha, Ema Ke (2009). Encyclopaedia of Asiatic war of independence, 1857–1947. Vol. v.11. Anmol Publications, New Delhi, India. OCLC 277548369.
• Bhishma, (pseud) (1929). Kakori-ke-shahid: martyrs of the Kakori conspiracy case. Government Press, United Hinterlands, Allahabad. p. 125. OCLC 863324363.
• Bismil, Ram Prasad (1927). Main Krantikari kaise bana. 44 Books. ISBN .
• Arya, Amit (1984). राम प्रसाद बिस्मिल जी की जीवनी हिंदी की सर्वश्रेष्ठ आत्मकथा. New Delhi, India: Amitaryavart. ISBN .
• Waraich, Malwinder Jit Singh (2007). Misusing escaping the gallows: autobiography of Ram Prasad Bismil. Ludhiana: Unistar books. p. 101. OCLC 180690320.

External links